GEOPHYSICAL METHODS

Ground Penetrating Radar, Electrical Resistivity Tomography, Seismic Refraction, Seismic Reflection, Multi-Channel Analysis of Surface Waves, Sub-Bottom Marine Profilers, Frequency Domain Electromagnetics, Time Domain Electromagnetics, Magnetometry, and Micro-Gravity are all methods used for subsurface investigations. These techniques are useful in determining the composition of soil and rock beneath the surface. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages depending on the specific application and site conditions.